If an object is no longer in the zone it’s expected to be in as an effect causes it to deal damage, its last known information is used to determine whether it had infect.
July 23, 2021 · Adventures in the Forgotten Realms
If an object changes zones before an effect causes it to deal damage, its last known information is used to determine whether it had infect.
April 22, 2021 · Strixhaven
If a permanent leaves the battlefield before an effect causes it to deal damage, its last known information is used to determine whether it had infect.